diff --git a/scripts/e2e-camera-peer.ts b/scripts/e2e-camera-peer.ts
index ce3dcb7..4674be5 100644
--- a/scripts/e2e-camera-peer.ts
+++ b/scripts/e2e-camera-peer.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,13 @@
  *
  * Environment: BASE, PRINTER_UUID, ACCESS_TOKEN. The token never reaches a
  * log line.
+ *
+ * ICE_MODE=relay runs it the way the real browser is configured: pinned to
+ * `iceTransportPolicy: "relay"` with the short-lived TURN servers that
+ * `GET /printers/:id/stream` hands out, so media can only travel through
+ * Cloudflare. That is the product's actual path, and the one go2rtc's issue
+ * tracker warns can strand ICE in `checking` when only one side holds a relay.
+ * The TURN credentials are used and never printed.
  */
 import { RTCPeerConnection, RTCRtpCodecParameters } from "werift";
 
@@ -39,8 +46,22 @@ const say = (good: boolean, label: string, detail = "") => {
 // matched: video:H264 => video:VP8" - correctly. Every browser offers H.264,
 // so offering it here is what a real viewer does, not a concession to the test.
 // The parameters are Chrome's: packetization-mode=1, constrained baseline.
+const relayOnly = process.env.ICE_MODE === "relay";
+let iceServers: { urls: string | string[]; username?: string; credential?: string }[] = [];
+if (relayOnly) {
+  const info = await fetch(`${base}/printers/${printer}/stream`, {
+    headers: { authorization: `Bearer ${token}` },
+  });
+  const parsed = (await info.json()) as { iceServers?: typeof iceServers };
+  iceServers = parsed.iceServers ?? [];
+  say(info.ok && iceServers.length > 0, "the backend hands out ICE servers for a relay-only viewer",
+    `${iceServers.length} entr(ies)`);
+  if (iceServers.length === 0) process.exit(1);
+}
+
 const pc = new RTCPeerConnection({
-  iceServers: [],
+  iceServers,
+  iceTransportPolicy: relayOnly ? "relay" : "all",
   codecs: {
     video: [
       new RTCRtpCodecParameters({
@@ -69,6 +90,16 @@ const offerSdp = pc.localDescription!.sdp;
 say(/^m=video /m.test(offerSdp) && /^a=ice-ufrag:/m.test(offerSdp),
   "the offer has a video section and an ice-ufrag, unlike the stub it replaces");
 
+if (relayOnly) {
+  // Asserted rather than assumed: if the viewer also offered host or srflx
+  // candidates, a pass below could mean "connected directly" and prove nothing
+  // about TURN.
+  const kinds = [...offerSdp.matchAll(/^a=candidate:.* typ (\w+)/gm)].map((m) => m[1]);
+  say(kinds.length > 0 && kinds.every((k) => k === "relay"),
+    "the viewer offers only relay candidates, as the browser does",
+    `candidates: ${kinds.length ? [...new Set(kinds)].join(",") : "none - the TURN allocation failed"}`);
+}
+
 // A player that gets "stream not found" just asks again, and so does this: the
 // gateway advertises a camera as soon as the printer reports its URL, a moment
 // before go2rtc has been restarted with the stream in its config. Bounded, and
diff --git a/scripts/e2e-camera.sh b/scripts/e2e-camera.sh
index a925ea5..ac8cae6 100755
--- a/scripts/e2e-camera.sh
+++ b/scripts/e2e-camera.sh
@@ -9,13 +9,21 @@
 # more than it was because a stray go2rtc left over from an earlier run
 # answered the stub with an HTTP 500 and the test still printed "ok".
 #
-# This one runs the real thing end to end:
+# This one runs the real thing end to end, twice - once over direct candidates
+# and once pinned to relay-only through Cloudflare TURN, which is how the real
+# browser is configured:
 #
 #   werift peer (stands in for the browser)
 #     -> POST /printers/:id/webrtc on the real backend
 #     -> /ws/edge/v1 -> the real continuum-proxy -> its real go2rtc
 #     -> RTSPS to the printer's camera
-#   and the RTP that comes back is counted.
+#   and the RTP that comes back is counted. The relay phase needs
+#   CLOUDFLARE_TURN_KEY_ID / CLOUDFLARE_TURN_API_TOKEN and is skipped, with a
+#   message saying the TURN path went unverified, when they are absent.
+#
+# Not covered: the viewer and the gateway share this host, so what is proven is
+# that ICE, DTLS and media work via TURN, not that they survive two distinct
+# NATs; and a real browser has still not rendered a frame.
 #
 # SAFETY: read-only against the printers. It sends no printer command of any
 # kind; the proxy's MQTT subscription is passive and the camera is a pull of
@@ -205,25 +213,47 @@ ok "the generated go2rtc config is owner-only (mode $mode)"
 
 # --- 4. the viewer ---------------------------------------------------------
 
-echo "==> a real WebRTC peer plays the camera through the relay"
-RESULTS="$(BASE="$BASE" PRINTER_UUID="$CAM_UUID" ACCESS_TOKEN="$USER_TOKEN" bun scripts/e2e-camera-peer.ts 2>&1 || true)"
-SEEN=0; BAD=0
-while IFS=$'\t' read -r verdict label; do
-  case "$verdict" in
-    ok)     ok "$label"; SEEN=$((SEEN + 1)) ;;
-    FAILED) echo "  FAILED: $label" >&2; SEEN=$((SEEN + 1)); BAD=$((BAD + 1)) ;;
-  esac
-done < <(printf '%s\n' "$RESULTS" | grep -E "^(ok|FAILED)$(printf '\t')")
-# Fewer results than the peer's five checks means it died before finishing,
-# and a silent peer must not read as a pass.
-if [ "$SEEN" -lt 5 ] && [ "$BAD" -eq 0 ]; then
-  BAD=1; echo "  FAILED: the peer produced only $SEEN of 5 results" >&2
-fi
-if [ "$BAD" -ne 0 ]; then
-  printf '%s\n' "$RESULTS" | sed 's/^/      | /' >&2
-  fail "the camera did not deliver video"
+# Runs the peer once and reads its `ok<TAB>label` / `FAILED<TAB>label` lines.
+# $1 names the phase, $2 is how many results a complete run produces: fewer
+# means the peer died before finishing, and a silent peer must not read as a
+# pass.
+run_viewer() {
+  local phase="$1" expected="$2" results seen=0 bad=0 verdict label
+  shift 2
+  results="$(env BASE="$BASE" PRINTER_UUID="$CAM_UUID" ACCESS_TOKEN="$USER_TOKEN" "$@" \
+    bun scripts/e2e-camera-peer.ts 2>&1 || true)"
+  while IFS=$'\t' read -r verdict label; do
+    case "$verdict" in
+      ok)     ok "$label"; seen=$((seen + 1)) ;;
+      FAILED) echo "  FAILED: $label" >&2; seen=$((seen + 1)); bad=$((bad + 1)) ;;
+    esac
+  done < <(printf '%s\n' "$results" | grep -E "^(ok|FAILED)$(printf '\t')")
+  if [ "$seen" -lt "$expected" ] && [ "$bad" -eq 0 ]; then
+    bad=1; echo "  FAILED: the $phase peer produced only $seen of $expected results" >&2
+  fi
+  if [ "$bad" -ne 0 ]; then
+    printf '%s\n' "$results" | sed 's/^/      | /' >&2
+    fail "the camera did not deliver video ($phase)"
+  fi
+}
+
+echo "==> a real WebRTC peer plays the camera through the relay (direct candidates)"
+run_viewer "direct" 5
+
+# The path the product actually uses: the browser is pinned to relay-only, so
+# media goes through Cloudflare TURN. Needs real credentials, which come from
+# the environment, so it is skipped - loudly - rather than failed without them.
+if [ -n "${CLOUDFLARE_TURN_KEY_ID:-}" ] && [ -n "${CLOUDFLARE_TURN_API_TOKEN:-}" ]; then
+  echo "==> the same camera, viewer pinned to relay-only through Cloudflare TURN"
+  run_viewer "relay-only" 7 ICE_MODE=relay
+else
+  echo "  SKIPPED: relay-only phase - CLOUDFLARE_TURN_KEY_ID / CLOUDFLARE_TURN_API_TOKEN not set."
+  echo "           The TURN-relayed path, which the browser is pinned to, is NOT verified by this run."
 fi
 
 echo
 echo "PASS - a real WebRTC peer received video from the printer's camera"
 echo "       through the backend relay, the uplink, the proxy and go2rtc."
+if [ -n "${CLOUDFLARE_TURN_KEY_ID:-}" ] && [ -n "${CLOUDFLARE_TURN_API_TOKEN:-}" ]; then
+  echo "       Both directly and pinned to relay-only through Cloudflare TURN."
+fi